biohacking$bioLLM CA: TBA

database / hormone

VIP

also known as vasoactive intestinal peptide

research compound hormone cardiovasculargastrointestinalimmunerespiratory modified — mass check n/a
SOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOONNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH
234 heavy atoms · 474 bonds · drag to pan, scroll to zoom C147O43N43S1

Skeletal structure drawn from the computed atomic coordinates in PubChem CID 53314964. Carbons are implicit vertices; hydrogens on carbon are suppressed, as in any structural formula. Nothing here is estimated — every atom sits where PubChem placed it.

Research reference only. The observations below are recorded in the cited literature. Nothing here is advice or a recommendation, and no dosing information is published on this site.

Sequence

HSDAVFTDNYTRLRKQMAVKKYLNSILN

His-Ser-Asp-Ala-Val-Phe-Thr-Asp-Asn-Tyr-Thr-Arg-Leu-Arg-Lys-Gln-Met-Ala-Val-Lys-Lys-Tyr-Leu-Asn-Ser-Ile-Leu-Asn

1. His — Histidine · positive · hydropathy -3.2 · charge 0H12. Ser — Serine · polar · hydropathy -0.8 · charge 0S3. Asp — Aspartic acid · negative · hydropathy -3.5 · charge −1D4. Ala — Alanine · hydrophobic · hydropathy 1.8 · charge 0A5. Val — Valine · hydrophobic · hydropathy 4.2 · charge 0V6. Phe — Phenylalanine · aromatic · hydropathy 2.8 · charge 0F67. Thr — Threonine · polar · hydropathy -0.7 · charge 0T8. Asp — Aspartic acid · negative · hydropathy -3.5 · charge −1D9. Asn — Asparagine · polar · hydropathy -3.5 · charge 0N10. Tyr — Tyrosine · aromatic · hydropathy -1.3 · charge 0Y11. Thr — Threonine · polar · hydropathy -0.7 · charge 0T1112. Arg — Arginine · positive · hydropathy -4.5 · charge +1R13. Leu — Leucine · hydrophobic · hydropathy 3.8 · charge 0L14. Arg — Arginine · positive · hydropathy -4.5 · charge +1R15. Lys — Lysine · positive · hydropathy -3.9 · charge +1K16. Gln — Glutamine · polar · hydropathy -3.5 · charge 0Q1617. Met — Methionine · hydrophobic · hydropathy 1.9 · charge 0M18. Ala — Alanine · hydrophobic · hydropathy 1.8 · charge 0A19. Val — Valine · hydrophobic · hydropathy 4.2 · charge 0V20. Lys — Lysine · positive · hydropathy -3.9 · charge +1K21. Lys — Lysine · positive · hydropathy -3.9 · charge +1K2122. Tyr — Tyrosine · aromatic · hydropathy -1.3 · charge 0Y23. Leu — Leucine · hydrophobic · hydropathy 3.8 · charge 0L24. Asn — Asparagine · polar · hydropathy -3.5 · charge 0N25. Ser — Serine · polar · hydropathy -0.8 · charge 0S26. Ile — Isoleucine · hydrophobic · hydropathy 4.5 · charge 0I2627. Leu — Leucine · hydrophobic · hydropathy 3.8 · charge 0L28. Asn — Asparagine · polar · hydropathy -3.5 · charge 0N28

Modified molecule. C-terminal amide.

Backbone carries modifications, so computed backbone mass is not comparable to the reported mass of the complete molecule.

Molecular data

Chemical fields come from the PubChem compound record; computed values are derived from the sequence shown above.
molecular formulaC147H237N43O43S
molecular weight3326.8 Da (PubChem)
computed backbone mass3326.82 Da
length28 residues
net charge (pH 7.4)+3
mean hydropathy-0.64
half-lifenot characterised
delivery routenot characterised
PubChem CID53314964
PDBnot characterised
UniProt parentP01282

Mechanism

VPAC1/VPAC2 receptor agonist; vasodilator and immunomodulator.

Reported targets: VPAC1 VPAC2

Experimental structure

No experimental structure of this peptide is deposited in the PDB. Nothing is rendered here — a predicted fold would not be a structure, and this site does not draw one.

Helical wheel

1. His — Histidine · positiveH2. Ser — Serine · polarS3. Asp — Aspartic acid · negativeD4. Ala — Alanine · hydrophobicA5. Val — Valine · hydrophobicV6. Phe — Phenylalanine · aromaticF7. Thr — Threonine · polarT8. Asp — Aspartic acid · negativeD9. Asn — Asparagine · polarN10. Tyr — Tyrosine · aromaticY11. Thr — Threonine · polarT12. Arg — Arginine · positiveR13. Leu — Leucine · hydrophobicL14. Arg — Arginine · positiveR15. Lys — Lysine · positiveK16. Gln — Glutamine · polarQ17. Met — Methionine · hydrophobicM18. Ala — Alanine · hydrophobicA

Residues projected at 100° per turn, the standard α-helix rotation. Shown because helicity in this peptide is described in the cited literature.

Position in the parent protein

exact match at residues 125–152 of VIP peptides (170 aa)

…KYLESLMGKRVSSNISEDPVPVKRHSDAVFTDNYTRLRKQMAVKKYLNSILNGKRSSEGESPDFPEELEK

Parent sequence from UniProt P01282. Cleaved from the VIP precursor.

Reported effects

Each row is an outcome described in the literature indexed for this peptide. Reported in the cited work — not a claim, not a recommendation.

Reported observations and the corpus they are drawn from.
reported outcomewhere it appears
vasodilationIntranasal delivery of a vasoactive intestinal peptide-based circRNA vaccine… Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy 2026
anti-inflammatory activity in modelsThe Role of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide in Glucagon-like Peptide-2-Mediate… International journal of molecular sciences 2026

Registered trials

Records from ClinicalTrials.gov. Listed for reference — this project sponsors no trial and is not involved in any of them.
NCTtitlestatusphase
NCT04260035The Effects of a Long-lasting Infusion of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) in Episodic MiCOMPLETEDNA
NCT05318157Efficacy of Artemisia Pollen Specific Allergen ImmunotherapyUNKNOWNPHASE4
NCT01916395Comparison of Treximet & Imitrex as They Affect the Levels of Inflammatory Markers When the COMPLETED
NCT00112684Alvocidib in Treating Patients With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Solid TumorsTERMINATEDPHASE1
NCT03989817The Effects of a Long-lasting Infusion of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) on Headache, CCOMPLETEDNA

Literature (8)

Intranasal delivery of a vasoactive intestinal peptide-based circRNA vaccine induces systemic and mucosal immunity against RSV in mice — Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy 2026

abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.

publisher record ↗ · PMID 42619264 · DOI 10.1016/j.ymthe.2026.08.025

The Role of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide in Glucagon-like Peptide-2-Mediated Intestinal Lipid Handling — International journal of molecular sciences 2026

abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.

publisher record ↗ · PMID 42353173 · DOI 10.3390/ijms27125457

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP)-Secreting Neuroblastic Tumors in Children Presenting With Chronic Secretory Diarrhea: A Report of Two Cases — Cureus 2026

abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.

publisher record ↗ · PMID 42591963 · DOI 10.7759/cureus.112564

Vasoactive intestinal Peptide as a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review — Multiple sclerosis and related disorders 2026

abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.

publisher record ↗ · PMID 42447728 · DOI 10.1016/j.msard.2026.107377

Exploration of the regulatory mechanism of the vasoactive intestinal peptide-eosinophil axis in sheep resistance to Moniezia benedeni infection — Veterinary parasitology 2026

abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.

publisher record ↗ · PMID 42241948 · DOI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2026.110822

Vasoactive intestinal peptide advances chondrogenesis and modulates pathogenic mediators in human osteoarthritis — Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) 2026

abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.

publisher record ↗ · PMID 42178419 · DOI 10.1007/s00109-026-02683-9

A Historical Review of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide and Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide in Sepsis — Biology 2026

The neuropeptides vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) have emerged as potent modulators of immune responses during sepsis, yet their roles remain complex, alternating between protective and permissive depending on timing, tissue compartment, and inflammatory context. This review presents a historical assessment of VIP and PACAP in sepsis research, highlighting the evolution of conceptual advances across five decades. Starting in the 1980s, early studies revealed that VIP levels rise during endotoxemia and correlated with hypotension and mortality, suggesting a deleterious role. By the 1990s, research pivoted toward understanding gut-derived VIP and its interaction with nitric oxide, culminating in the classification of VIP and PACAP as "macrophage deactivating factors" that downregulate TNFα and IL-6. The 2000s further clarif…

open access ↗ · PMID 42117802 · DOI 10.3390/biology15090663

<b>Severe hypokalaemia and secretory diarrhoea secondary to a vasoactive intestinal peptide-secreting tumour (VIPoma</b>) — BMJ case reports 2026

abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.

publisher record ↗ · PMID 42409425 · DOI 10.1136/bcr-2026-274867

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