biohacking$bioLLM CA: TBA

database / incretin

GLP-1 (7-37)

also known as glucagon-like peptide-1

research compound incretin metabolicendocrine no independent mass to check against

Research reference only. The observations below are recorded in the cited literature. Nothing here is advice or a recommendation, and no dosing information is published on this site.

Sequence

HAEGTFTSDVSSYLEGQAAKEFIAWLVKGRG

His-Ala-Glu-Gly-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-Val-Ser-Ser-Tyr-Leu-Glu-Gly-Gln-Ala-Ala-Lys-Glu-Phe-Ile-Ala-Trp-Leu-Val-Lys-Gly-Arg-Gly

1. His — Histidine · positive · hydropathy -3.2 · charge 0H12. Ala — Alanine · hydrophobic · hydropathy 1.8 · charge 0A3. Glu — Glutamic acid · negative · hydropathy -3.5 · charge −1E4. Gly — Glycine · glycine · hydropathy -0.4 · charge 0G5. Thr — Threonine · polar · hydropathy -0.7 · charge 0T6. Phe — Phenylalanine · aromatic · hydropathy 2.8 · charge 0F67. Thr — Threonine · polar · hydropathy -0.7 · charge 0T8. Ser — Serine · polar · hydropathy -0.8 · charge 0S9. Asp — Aspartic acid · negative · hydropathy -3.5 · charge −1D10. Val — Valine · hydrophobic · hydropathy 4.2 · charge 0V11. Ser — Serine · polar · hydropathy -0.8 · charge 0S1112. Ser — Serine · polar · hydropathy -0.8 · charge 0S13. Tyr — Tyrosine · aromatic · hydropathy -1.3 · charge 0Y14. Leu — Leucine · hydrophobic · hydropathy 3.8 · charge 0L15. Glu — Glutamic acid · negative · hydropathy -3.5 · charge −1E16. Gly — Glycine · glycine · hydropathy -0.4 · charge 0G1617. Gln — Glutamine · polar · hydropathy -3.5 · charge 0Q18. Ala — Alanine · hydrophobic · hydropathy 1.8 · charge 0A19. Ala — Alanine · hydrophobic · hydropathy 1.8 · charge 0A20. Lys — Lysine · positive · hydropathy -3.9 · charge +1K21. Glu — Glutamic acid · negative · hydropathy -3.5 · charge −1E2122. Phe — Phenylalanine · aromatic · hydropathy 2.8 · charge 0F23. Ile — Isoleucine · hydrophobic · hydropathy 4.5 · charge 0I24. Ala — Alanine · hydrophobic · hydropathy 1.8 · charge 0A25. Trp — Tryptophan · aromatic · hydropathy -0.9 · charge 0W26. Leu — Leucine · hydrophobic · hydropathy 3.8 · charge 0L2627. Val — Valine · hydrophobic · hydropathy 4.2 · charge 0V28. Lys — Lysine · positive · hydropathy -3.9 · charge +1K29. Gly — Glycine · glycine · hydropathy -0.4 · charge 0G30. Arg — Arginine · positive · hydropathy -4.5 · charge +1R31. Gly — Glycine · glycine · hydropathy -0.4 · charge 0G31

No independent molecular weight was available to check the sequence against.

Molecular data

Chemical fields come from the PubChem compound record; computed values are derived from the sequence shown above.
molecular formulanot characterised
molecular weight3355.71 Da (computed from sequence)
computed backbone mass3355.71 Da
length31 residues
net charge (pH 7.4)-1
mean hydropathy-0.24
half-lifenot characterised
delivery routenot characterised
PubChem CIDnot characterised
PDBnot characterised
UniProt parentP01275

Mechanism

Endogenous incretin; potentiates glucose-dependent insulin secretion.

Reported targets: GLP-1R

Experimental structure

No experimental structure of this peptide is deposited in the PDB. Nothing is rendered here — a predicted fold would not be a structure, and this site does not draw one.

Helical wheel

1. His — Histidine · positiveH2. Ala — Alanine · hydrophobicA3. Glu — Glutamic acid · negativeE4. Gly — Glycine · glycineG5. Thr — Threonine · polarT6. Phe — Phenylalanine · aromaticF7. Thr — Threonine · polarT8. Ser — Serine · polarS9. Asp — Aspartic acid · negativeD10. Val — Valine · hydrophobicV11. Ser — Serine · polarS12. Ser — Serine · polarS13. Tyr — Tyrosine · aromaticY14. Leu — Leucine · hydrophobicL15. Glu — Glutamic acid · negativeE16. Gly — Glycine · glycineG17. Gln — Glutamine · polarQ18. Ala — Alanine · hydrophobicA

Residues projected at 100° per turn, the standard α-helix rotation. Shown because helicity in this peptide is described in the cited literature.

Position in the parent protein

exact match at residues 98–128 of Pro-glucagon (180 aa)

…FVQWLMNTKRNRNNIAKRHDEFERHAEGTFTSDVSSYLEGQAAKEFIAWLVKGRGRRDFPEEVAIVEELGRRHADGSFS…

Parent sequence from UniProt P01275. GLP-1 is a proglucagon cleavage product.

Reported effects

Each row is an outcome described in the literature indexed for this peptide. Reported in the cited work — not a claim, not a recommendation.

Reported observations and the corpus they are drawn from.
reported outcomewhere it appears
insulin secretionDrugs are not cutting it: Patient motivations for metabolic and bariatric su… Surgery 2026
gastric emptying delayGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists for Obstructive Sleep Apnea With a… Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2026
satietyEffects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists as Weight Loss Drugs on… Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme 2026

Literature (8)

Drugs are not cutting it: Patient motivations for metabolic and bariatric surgery despite glucagon-like peptide-1 use — Surgery 2026

abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.

publisher record ↗ · PMID 42623901 · DOI 10.1016/j.surg.2026.110492

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists for Obstructive Sleep Apnea With and Without Continuous Positive Airway Pressure — Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2026

abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.

publisher record ↗ · PMID 42611692 · DOI 10.1002/ohn.70407

Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists as Weight Loss Drugs on Pancreatitis and Pancreatic Cancer: A Meta-Analysis — Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme 2026

abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.

publisher record ↗ · PMID 42600634 · DOI 10.1055/a-2923-3830

Unravelling obesity: from leptin to glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists — Journal of applied genetics 2026

abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.

publisher record ↗ · PMID 42298277 · DOI 10.1007/s13353-026-01084-5

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and bowel preparation: methodological and clinical considerations for meta-analysis — Gastrointestinal endoscopy 2026

abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.

publisher record ↗ · PMID 42601135 · DOI 10.1016/j.gie.2026.03.005

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Therapy: The Biological Bridge Across Comorbidities in Behavioral Health — Rhode Island medical journal (2013) 2026

abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.

publisher record ↗ · PMID 42647832

Risk of Diabetic Ketoacidosis with Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis — Research Square 2026

abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.

publisher record ↗ · DOI 10.21203/rs.3.rs-10216709/v1

Adjunctive GLP1 Receptor Agonists in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Obesity and/or Diabetes: A Target Trial Emulation — Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association 2026

abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.

publisher record ↗ · PMID 42309434 · DOI 10.1016/j.cgh.2026.06.008

Related

Semaglutide

incretin · 8 citations

Tirzepatide

incretin · 8 citations

Retatrutide

incretin · 8 citations

Liraglutide

incretin · 8 citations

Exenatide

incretin · 8 citations

GIP

incretin · 8 citations