Calcitonin (salmon)

ObjectivesTo assess the efficacy of salmon calcitonin spray on postoperative pain, serum calcitonin levels, and bone healing after surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar.Materials and methodsThis prospective study included 100 patients who required surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars under local anesthesia. Group I included 50 patients who received intranasal serum calcitonin spray, and Group II included 50 patients who did not receive serum calcitonin spray. The postoperative pain was evaluated on the 1st, 3rd and 7th days. The serum osteocalcin levels were assessed at 1 month, and bone density was evaluated at the 3rd month postoperatively.ResultsThe severity of pain was less in Group I on days 3, and 7 postoperatively compared to Group II (PPPConclusionThe results of our study delineate that Group I patients had better efficacy in controlling pain and imp…

open access ↗ · PMID 42055778 · DOI 10.5125/jkaoms.2026.52.2.73

» Intranasal salmon calcitonin (IN-CAL) is a well-tolerated, noninvasive antiresorptive agent with reproducible pharmacodynamic activity, despite lower systemic bioavailability than parenteral formulations. » In preosteoporotic postmenopausal women, IN-CAL provides small, spine-limited preservation of bone mass, with minimal hip or forearm benefit; treatment response depends more on baseline bone turnover than on dose escalation. » In established postmenopausal osteoporosis, IN-CAL produces early biochemical suppression (1-3 months) and small but consistent lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) gains with sustained therapy (≥6-12 months). » IN-CAL is less effective than bisphosphonates and modern anabolic agents for increasing BMD and reducing fracture risk; accordingly, its use is best reserved for patients who cannot take first-line therapies due to contraindications, intolerance, or…

open access ↗ · PMID 41945663 · DOI 10.2106/jbjs.rvw.26.00021

BackgroundMolecular endotyping may facilitate the successful development of personalized treatments of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). The aim of this exploratory and hypothesis-generating study was to develop a clinically actionable tool for predicting molecular endotypes of KOA using blood-based biomarkers, and to explore the potential for differential treatment effects across biomarker-based endotypes in prior phase II-III KOA drug trials.MethodsFourteen biomarkers from 226 KOA participants from IMI-APPROACH were assessed for a multinomial logistic regression model to predict structural damage, inflammation, and low tissue turnover endotypes. An optimized panel of six serum biomarkers (C2M, C3M, N-MID, PRO-C2, PRO-C4, sCTX-I) was identified quantitatively by testing all biomarker combinations in models adjusting for age, sex, and BMI. These biomarkers were used for endotype predictions in …

open access ↗ · PMID 42092979 · DOI 10.1186/s13075-026-03825-7

BackgroundGlioblastoma (GBM) remains a deadly brain tumor. Activation of the wild-type calcitonin receptor (CTR) by salmon calcitonin (sCT) suppresses glioma growth, whereas patient-derived CTR mutants drive tumor progression and correlate with poor survival. This study delineates the mechanisms underlying sCT-mediated tumor suppression and reveals structural defects in oncogenic CTR variants.MethodsProteome analysis of sCT-treated glioma cells was done to dissect the altered signaling. Multiple experimental approaches were used to elucidate the signaling behind CTR-dependent Hippo pathway activation. The therapeutic efficacy of sCT on the growth of human/murine glioma stem-like cells (GSC)-initiated tumors in an orthotopic mouse glioma model was assessed. Extensive microsecond-scale all-atom molecular dynamics simulations were performed to elucidate the structural impairments in CTR mut…

open access ↗ · PMID 42394646 · DOI 10.1093/noajnl/vdag152

abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.

publisher record ↗ · PMID 42349799 · DOI 10.1016/j.jconrel.2026.115131

Background: The amylin receptor is a receptor for the peptide hormone amylin, and its activation is known to reduce body weight. The amylin receptor functions as a heterodimer complex that consists of the calcitonin receptor for peptide hormone calcitonin and an accessary protein. Although the structural information of amylin receptors is currently available, receptor-ligand binding studies that support the peptide binding mode for amylin receptors remain incomplete. Methods: Here, we introduced mutagenesis to the amylin receptor 1 extracellular domain and examined mutational effects on peptide binding affinity. We focused on several residues mainly from the peptide-binding pocket (D97, D101, E123, N124, and N135 of the calcitonin receptor). Two well-known peptide ligands for amylin receptors were used for this study: a salmon calcitonin fragment and an antagonist amylin analog AC413 fra…

open access ↗ · PMID 40722857 · DOI 10.3390/biomedicines13071787

abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.

publisher record ↗ · PMID 41429154 · DOI 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5c00558

abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.

publisher record ↗ · PMID 39862273 · DOI 10.1007/s00203-024-04216-9