database / immune
KPV
also known as α-MSH (11-13), KPV tripeptide, lysine-proline-valine
Skeletal structure drawn from the computed atomic coordinates in PubChem CID 125672. Carbons are implicit vertices; hydrogens on carbon are suppressed, as in any structural formula. Nothing here is estimated — every atom sits where PubChem placed it.
Research reference only. The observations below are recorded in the cited literature. Nothing here is advice or a recommendation, and no dosing information is published on this site.
Sequence
KPV
Lys-Pro-Val
- hydrophobic
- positive
- negative
- polar
- aromatic
- glycine
- proline
- cysteine
Computed backbone mass 342.44 Da agrees with PubChem's reported 342.43 Da (Δ 0.01 Da). Two independent sources agree on the primary structure.
Molecular data
| molecular formula | C16H30N4O4 |
|---|---|
| molecular weight | 342.43 Da (PubChem) |
| computed backbone mass | 342.44 Da |
| length | 3 residues |
| net charge (pH 7.4) | +1 |
| mean hydropathy | -0.43 |
| half-life | not characterised |
| delivery route | not characterised |
| PubChem CID | 125672 |
| PDB | not characterised |
| UniProt parent | P01189 |
Mechanism
C-terminal tripeptide of α-MSH; studied for anti-inflammatory activity independent of pigmentation effects.
Reported targets: melanocortin pathway
Experimental structure
No experimental structure of this peptide is deposited in the PDB. Nothing is rendered here — a predicted fold would not be a structure, and this site does not draw one.
Position in the parent protein
…RSDGAKPGPREGKRSYSMEHFRWGKPVGKKRRPVKVYPNGAEDESAEAFPL…
Parent sequence from UniProt P01189. KPV is the C-terminal tripeptide of α-MSH, itself a POMC product.
Reported effects
Each row is an outcome described in the literature indexed for this peptide. Reported in the cited work — not a claim, not a recommendation.
| reported outcome | where it appears |
|---|---|
| anti-inflammatory activity | Lysine-proline-valine peptide attenuates hepatic lipid accumulation through … Cytotechnology 2026 |
| intestinal inflammation reduction | KPV attenuates adipogenesis and lipid metabolism through modulation of ROS-m… Tissue & cell 2026 |
Literature (8)
Lysine-proline-valine peptide attenuates hepatic lipid accumulation through ROS-dependent regulation of the PPARγ pathway in HepG2 cells — Cytotechnology 2026
abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.
publisher record ↗ · PMID 42064835 · DOI 10.1007/s10616-026-00967-z
KPV attenuates adipogenesis and lipid metabolism through modulation of ROS-mediated AKT/mTORC1/PPARγ signaling — Tissue & cell 2026
abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.
publisher record ↗ · PMID 42585803 · DOI 10.1016/j.tice.2026.103837
Lysine-Proline-Valine peptide mitigates fine dust-induced keratinocyte apoptosis and inflammation by regulating oxidative stress and modulating the MAPK/NF-κB pathway — Tissue & cell 2025
abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.
publisher record ↗ · PMID 40073467 · DOI 10.1016/j.tice.2025.102837
NLRP3 autophagic degradation disruption in melanocytes contributes to vitiligo development — Cell death and differentiation 2026
abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.
publisher record ↗ · PMID 40935835 · DOI 10.1038/s41418-025-01578-5
KPV and RAPA Self-Assembled into Carrier-Free Nanodrugs for Vascular Calcification Therapy — Advanced healthcare materials 2024
abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.
publisher record ↗ · PMID 39252648 · DOI 10.1002/adhm.202402320
Correlative evaluation of anticancer effects of a modified methioninase MGL-KPV using 2D and 3D cell models, human cancer xenografts in zebrafish embryos and Balb/c nude mice — bioRxiv 2025
abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.
publisher record ↗ · DOI 10.64898/2025.12.23.696173
Inflammation-triggered self-immolative conjugates enable oral peptide delivery by overcoming gastrointestinal barriers — Science advances 2026
Oral delivery of peptide therapeutics remains challenging due to gastrointestinal (GI) degradation and poor intestinal absorption. Here, we propose a self-immolative peptide prodrug conjugate (SIPPC) platform for inflammation-targeted oral delivery, integrating a hydrophilic polyethylene glycol segment, a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive hydrophobic self-immolative module, and a hydrolyzable scaffold, which collectively enable spontaneous assembly into micelle-like nanoparticles. Using three anti-inflammatory peptides (KPV, Ac-QAW, and IRW), we demonstrated that the engineered conjugates exhibit remarkable GI stability, efficient mucus penetration, and ROS-responsive release at inflamed sites. In colitis mice, the KPV-based conjugate (proKPV) achieved a 3.8-fold greater colonic accumulation than free KPV, with enhanced efficacy even at a 20-fold lower dose. Beyond therapeutic eff…
open access ↗ · PMID 41533788 · DOI 10.1126/sciadv.aea2989
A PepT1 mediated medicinal nano-system for targeted delivery of cyclosporine A to alleviate acute severe ulcerative colitis — Biomaterials science 2019
abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.
publisher record ↗ · PMID 31408067 · DOI 10.1039/c9bm00925f
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