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database / metabolic

Pramlintide

also known as Symlin, amylin analogue

approved metabolic metabolicendocrine modified — mass check n/a
SSOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOONNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH
277 heavy atoms · 551 bonds · drag to pan, scroll to zoom C171O53N51S2

Skeletal structure drawn from the computed atomic coordinates in PubChem CID 70691388. Carbons are implicit vertices; hydrogens on carbon are suppressed, as in any structural formula. Nothing here is estimated — every atom sits where PubChem placed it.

Research reference only. The observations below are recorded in the cited literature. Nothing here is advice or a recommendation, and no dosing information is published on this site.

Sequence

KCNTATCATQRLANFLVHSSNNFGPILPPTNVGSNTY

Lys-Cys-Asn-Thr-Ala-Thr-Cys-Ala-Thr-Gln-Arg-Leu-Ala-Asn-Phe-Leu-Val-His-Ser-Ser-Asn-Asn-Phe-Gly-Pro-Ile-Leu-Pro-Pro-Thr-Asn-Val-Gly-Ser-Asn-Thr-Tyr

1. Lys — Lysine · positive · hydropathy -3.9 · charge +1K12. Cys — Cysteine · cysteine · hydropathy 2.5 · charge 0C3. Asn — Asparagine · polar · hydropathy -3.5 · charge 0N4. Thr — Threonine · polar · hydropathy -0.7 · charge 0T5. Ala — Alanine · hydrophobic · hydropathy 1.8 · charge 0A6. Thr — Threonine · polar · hydropathy -0.7 · charge 0T67. Cys — Cysteine · cysteine · hydropathy 2.5 · charge 0C8. Ala — Alanine · hydrophobic · hydropathy 1.8 · charge 0A9. Thr — Threonine · polar · hydropathy -0.7 · charge 0T10. Gln — Glutamine · polar · hydropathy -3.5 · charge 0Q11. Arg — Arginine · positive · hydropathy -4.5 · charge +1R1112. Leu — Leucine · hydrophobic · hydropathy 3.8 · charge 0L13. Ala — Alanine · hydrophobic · hydropathy 1.8 · charge 0A14. Asn — Asparagine · polar · hydropathy -3.5 · charge 0N15. Phe — Phenylalanine · aromatic · hydropathy 2.8 · charge 0F16. Leu — Leucine · hydrophobic · hydropathy 3.8 · charge 0L1617. Val — Valine · hydrophobic · hydropathy 4.2 · charge 0V18. His — Histidine · positive · hydropathy -3.2 · charge 0H19. Ser — Serine · polar · hydropathy -0.8 · charge 0S20. Ser — Serine · polar · hydropathy -0.8 · charge 0S21. Asn — Asparagine · polar · hydropathy -3.5 · charge 0N2122. Asn — Asparagine · polar · hydropathy -3.5 · charge 0N23. Phe — Phenylalanine · aromatic · hydropathy 2.8 · charge 0F24. Gly — Glycine · glycine · hydropathy -0.4 · charge 0G25. Pro — Proline · proline · hydropathy -1.6 · charge 0P26. Ile — Isoleucine · hydrophobic · hydropathy 4.5 · charge 0I2627. Leu — Leucine · hydrophobic · hydropathy 3.8 · charge 0L28. Pro — Proline · proline · hydropathy -1.6 · charge 0P29. Pro — Proline · proline · hydropathy -1.6 · charge 0P30. Thr — Threonine · polar · hydropathy -0.7 · charge 0T31. Asn — Asparagine · polar · hydropathy -3.5 · charge 0N3132. Val — Valine · hydrophobic · hydropathy 4.2 · charge 0V33. Gly — Glycine · glycine · hydropathy -0.4 · charge 0G34. Ser — Serine · polar · hydropathy -0.8 · charge 0S35. Asn — Asparagine · polar · hydropathy -3.5 · charge 0N36. Thr — Threonine · polar · hydropathy -0.7 · charge 0T3637. Tyr — Tyrosine · aromatic · hydropathy -1.3 · charge 0Y37

Modified molecule. C-terminal amide with a Cys2–Cys7 disulfide; proline substitutions at 25, 28 and 29 relative to human amylin prevent aggregation.

Backbone carries modifications, so computed backbone mass is not comparable to the reported mass of the complete molecule.

Molecular data

Chemical fields come from the PubChem compound record; computed values are derived from the sequence shown above.
molecular formulaC171H267N51O53S2
molecular weight3949 Da (PubChem)
computed backbone mass3952.43 Da
length37 residues
net charge (pH 7.4)+2
mean hydropathy-0.23
half-lifenot characterised
delivery routesubcutaneous
PubChem CID70691388
PDBnot characterised
UniProt parentnot characterised

Mechanism

Amylin analogue acting at amylin/calcitonin receptor complexes.

Reported targets: AMY receptors

Experimental structure

No experimental structure of this peptide is deposited in the PDB. Nothing is rendered here — a predicted fold would not be a structure, and this site does not draw one.

Reported effects

Each row is an outcome described in the literature indexed for this peptide. Reported in the cited work — not a claim, not a recommendation.

Reported observations and the corpus they are drawn from.
reported outcomewhere it appears
postprandial glucose controlReversible peptide self-assembly enables sustained drug delivery with tuneab… bioRxiv 2026
gastric emptying delayThe story of amylin: from physiology to therapy Nature metabolism 2026
satietyAmylin Analogs: The Next Major Class of Weight Loss Therapy: A Review of Exp… Diabetes, obesity & metabolism 2026

Registered trials

Records from ClinicalTrials.gov. Listed for reference — this project sponsors no trial and is not involved in any of them.
NCTtitlestatusphase
NCT00291772Continuous Subcutaneous Infusion of Pramlintide and InsulinCOMPLETEDPHASE4
NCT00240253A Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Adding Symlin® to Lantus® (Insulin Glargine) iCOMPLETEDPHASE4
NCT01235741A Study To Examine The Efficacy And Safety Of Pramlintide+Metreleptin In Obese SubjectsTERMINATEDPHASE2
NCT00229658An Observational Study Evaluating SYMLIN® (Pramlintide Acetate) Injection Use in Insulin UsiCOMPLETED
NCT05199714A Fully-closed Loop, Pramlintide and Insulin, Artificial Pancreas Clinical Trial for Adults COMPLETEDNA

Literature (8)

Reversible peptide self-assembly enables sustained drug delivery with tuneable pharmacokinetics — bioRxiv 2026

abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.

publisher record ↗ · DOI 10.64898/2026.03.25.714189

The story of amylin: from physiology to therapy — Nature metabolism 2026

abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.

publisher record ↗ · PMID 41708975 · DOI 10.1038/s42255-026-01465-4

Amylin Analogs: The Next Major Class of Weight Loss Therapy: A Review of Experimental Data and Early-Phase Clinical Trials — Diabetes, obesity & metabolism 2026

abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.

publisher record ↗ · PMID 42452898 · DOI 10.1111/dom.71074

Pramlintide — National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda (MD) 2006

Pramlintide has a high molecular weight, so it is unlikely to pass into breastmilk in clinically important amounts. It also has a short half-life, and it is a peptide that is likely digested in the infant's gastrointestinal tract, so it is unlikely to reach the clinically important levels in infant serum. However, because no information is available on the use of pramlintide during breastfeeding an alternate drug may be preferred, especially while nursing a newborn or preterm infant. Monitor breastfed infants for signs of hypoglycemia such as jitteriness, excessive sleepiness, poor feeding, seizures cyanosis, apnea, or hypothermia. If there is concern, monitoring of the breastfed infant's blood glucose is advisable during maternal therapy with pramlintide.[1]

open access ↗ · PMID 30000033

Combined amylin analogue and GLP1 receptor agonist therapies are highly promising for weight loss — Nature reviews. Endocrinology 2025

abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.

publisher record ↗ · PMID 40691511 · DOI 10.1038/s41574-025-01156-2

Oral delivery of the amylin receptor agonist pramlintide — bioRxiv 2023

abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.

publisher record ↗ · DOI 10.1101/2023.11.09.566408

Central pramlintide administration potently suppresses operant responding for sucrose and locomotor activity in male rats — Physiology & behavior 2025

abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.

publisher record ↗ · PMID 41022243 · DOI 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115114

A Pilot Outpatient Assessment of a Fully Closed-Loop Insulin and Pramlintide System — Journal of diabetes science and technology 2025

abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.

publisher record ↗ · PMID 41174925 · DOI 10.1177/19322968251371046

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